Introduction
processing of technical textiles is placed on the snow storm in the world. In this globalization of science and technology, new technologies such as fine chemicals, fiber optics, high polymer plastics, resins, temperature resistant textile fibers, composite fibers, etc., have improved alternative form of technical fabrics and update the production model, consumption and trade is a significantWay.
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Besides the traditional textile practice are technical textiles from various industries such as banner ads, automotive, agriculture, aviation and civil engineering, chemical, leather, horticulture, medicine, mining, oil, packaging , pharmaceutical, electrical, environmental protection, food, used furniture, printing, rubber, transportation, and protective clothing, etc.
It includes protection against cuts, nuclear, biological and chemicalDanger, high voltage and static electricity and other impacts to hard bites, explosions, abrasion, ballistics, fire and excessive heat, dust and particles. Therefore, there is a requirement that the machinery and sensitive equipment, clean rooms, or for maintaining the store, offering them to cover and protect workers, providing protective equipment for the job.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
AfterEuropean Council Directive 89/856/EEC, protective clothing, which must be created or held for protection against one or more health risks and safety of users running from a single tool or method is called protection activities staff and short-form E 'referred to as PSA. To cut the potential risks significantly different for the employees of maximum protection PPE is applied after all the planning, training and proceduralEfforts.
There are three types of protective equipment for hazards / risks:
. Low Risk Protective Equipment: This falls into the category I: low risk, or anything that personal protective equipment like gloves, hats, shoes, sunglasses, clothing traditional work, etc.
. Media risks Personal protective equipment: This falls into the category of type II: medium risk.
. High Risk Personal Protection: This falls into Category III:As the airways / lung related equipment for firefighters, gloves, etc. works at very high temperatures for the operation very risky.
DPI program for safety
In the workplace, because often the main threats in the form of:
. Mechanical damage
. Soaring elements / dust generated during the process
. Hot, concentrated light, sound and dust
. radiation chemical waste, bacteria, pollution, gas
. Unpleasant weather /Unconditional work
Check In considering the application or program of PSA and risks is necessary to analyze the nature of the risks and take steps accordingly. Although many changes in the workplace often post is a must.
In any organization, dangerous drop offs and risks are as follows:
. Abolition - Fist and, therefore, most of it is, dangerous or hazardous work is the place where the work is itself a major step towards removingthat reduce the risk.
. Substitution - Substitute a risky or dangerous work practice with a less dangerous location information.
. Segregation - people who are not educated informed at work, in short, to the dangerous practice / areas as the danger zone.
. Engineering - There are some changes in the device or the provision of guards for machinery.
. Awareness / training program - including training to increase awareness of the dangers to reduce workplacePlaces.
. Personal protective equipment - should be used only when other control measures is not possible, or to increase security, this is not the last acceptable alternative.
The application of PSA is inevitable in some methods or processes. Protect eyes with glasses, her face shielded with covers, are the legs with the whole / special shoes or boots and helmets to head with the equipment of this type, where workers go on forever because of the sudden needExhibitions. But there is no alternative place of personal protective equipment.
Protective clothing
treated largely as a personal protection
From a simple request for a special apron dresses, there are so many, the availability of protective clothing. For the special protection of the environment in the following garments made of special protective clothing PPE products.
. Fire / Flame
. Dirty Weather
. Nuclear infectivity
.Mechanical damage
. Electricity (static electricity) / Electronic Industry
. Freezing and low temperature
. Ballistics
. Emission of radiation / radioactive release
. Bacterial / viral
. Chemical / Gas
The fine particles in the process in the food or pharmaceutical manufactures
During the production of coarse goods, like food, electronics, protective clothing for the environment or lint-free anti-static is required, andHigh visibility clothing room clean and clean environment is required. A surgical barrier between the dangers and support by wearing protective clothing, but to all the essential conditions of coated fabrics to the highest operating materials are found in a wide range of uses to protect against risks and is expected as needed or application of the operations of employment or work.
After fiber materials are used personal protective equipment orClothing
flame retardant (FR) finish for thermal protection
To protect against fire and heat, used a unique flame retardant finish on the fabric. may influence the use of certain specialty chemicals appearance. In most economical option for use in less severe, the newly developed polyester fibers and acrylic or special fire-retardant fibers such as aramid fibers are widespread. The clothing is woven with many more layers of different materials with the process of knitting and buildingsVello. A layer of fabric made detailed purposed, such as fire protection, vapor barrier and insulation, etc. In the field of glass, fire, welding, foundry, or the application of heat-resistant clothing is applicable. To counter the spray of molten metal or special surface finishing operations are necessary. Cotton is also used for electric arc protection.
breathable fabric laminated to very cold temperatures
A layer of air between the dead body andis done outside, so that the body temperature is not dissipated by conduction of heat or interfere in any way, in extreme cold environment. breathable fabric laminates of different materials are often applied to personal protective equipment while working to protect it with a cold temperature of the cold.
Unique lamination protection against bacteria / virus
There are two methods, while the use of materials in the production of PPE. Through a unique interface adds a bactericidalTextile immediately, subject to certain conditions, the active ingredient is often discharged gradually. The second method is by coating or rolling craft a barrier material.
bulletproof vests used in ballistic protection
bulletproof vests used by police and defense applied in the ballistic protection of high-tech fibers. According to the requirement, a large number of possible answers to this type of production, although in this segment are very similar to fire personalEquipment and their needs.
material covered lead for radiation protection
According to the classification and the emission of radiation or danger, in case of textile materials for personal protective equipment according to the actual requirement is a bit 'more complex. lead-coated material is used for X-ray radiation, are layers of polyethylene and boron fiber and condensed in different materials for the manufacture of personal protective equipment / clothing used to protect to protect differentRadiation.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protective clothing for electronics industry
Research carried out in different parts of the world for the use of ESD garments in electronics industry, which will be noted that approximately 30-50% of all failures in electronic products, producing a kind of electrical overload and may be recognized demonstrated where ESD is a type. Even if the old standard test methods to assess the functioning of modern clothing ESDprotectiveused in the electronics industry can not be measured properly and effectively. Therefore, a new European research project - clothing ESTAT - was launched in early 2002. The focus of this three-year project (2002-2005) is the standards body IEC TC101 provide a basis for the availability of clothing for the ESD-safe handling of sensitive ESD (ESD) describe equipment and applied to determine the appropriate test methods for the characterization of such ESD protective measuresClothing.
Polyethylene non-woven or different coatings are used to protect gas or chemical hazards
chemical defense suits and gas are widely accepted in the chemical and gas industry. Garments made of cotton or synthetic or PSA, preferably in chemical risks at low risk, while non-resistant coating and laminating in chemical protective clothing that creates a barrier to chemicals and gases must intrusion. Before batteries Plyethylene low-level protectionsubstance is used in PSA distribution in raw form, available with a polyethylene lining to form a high level of protection. The advanced fabric material according to the requirement of the workplace and the method used for higher degrees of protection.
Spunbond polyethylene fabric PPE for pesticide applications
Pesticides can go into the bodies of four ways, by mouth, skin, eyes and lungs. Skin contact is the most common cause, and some pesticides go intoaround the body through the skin a bit 'promptly. For protection from dangerous pesticides personal protective equipment such as long-sleeved shirt and long pants, shoes and socks, chemical resistant gloves Category A, unlined, chemical-resistant gloves to the elbow, etc. are common. The fabrics provide a barrier between tissue and air support, and the pesticide. Twill cotton tightly woven fabric provides superior protection as other pesticides. cotton suits are a common choicebecause of their accessibility, available light and its properties. The use of pesticides in powder, granules or powder, uncoated nonwoven fabrics is comfortable. Tyvek spun polyethylene fabrics are 100% bound by DuPont, is a sort of non-coated non-woven fabric.
Special para-form amides and polyethylene to protect cut / slash
As the food industry (slaughterhouses), forestry or the production of cement, if the employee works with uncertainMaterial (pine or seen), in this case are difficult to make webs of embarrassment for the PSA. special fibers such as aramid and polyethylene high-strength is widely used to make protective equipment or clothing. However, cotton is still the unprecedented opportunities for the fabric for the job. This means that long-sleeved cotton shirts and T-shirts are cotton pants also widespread.
Other protective clothing
As visibility clothing, life jackets, etc. PVCinfiltrated with fluorescent pigments and with different materials as needed. reflective materials are ideal for high-visibility clothing. A series of reflective material is used in the production of clothing and integrated bands. The general requirements and advanced to the construction of roads and police, as well as protection from dust, electrostatic, etc. and is widely used as protective devices.
Conclusion
The end user of protective equipment is the protector orConsumers themselves, after which the need to address the use of PSA and PSA in different environment, must be trained in primary consumers, or covering all the information about what led to protective devices? In many countries there seems to be a legislative rule or severe for employers or workers to protect themselves from dangerous workplace or the environment and the use of personal protective equipment required. E 'safeawareness of employees or workers to wear protective equipment in hazardous areas or in the workplace and the provision of appropriate personal protective equipment, stores and protects your business.
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